Testing forage quality is a key step in maximizing herd health, productivity, and feed efficiency. Visual checks are useful, but lab analysis gives a far more accurate picture of nutrient content—helping match the right forage to the right class of livestock.
Why Forage Testing Matters
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Boosts Animal Performance: Matching forage to livestock nutritional needs improves efficiency and reduces waste.
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Supports Ration Precision: Accurate nutrient data (like crude protein, NDF, ADF, TDN) helps fine-tune feed rations.
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Aids Forage Sales: Quality-tested forages are easier to price and sell. Most buyers expect lab results.
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Identifies Hidden Risks: Visual assessments can’t detect nutrient deficiencies or inconsistencies.
Best Practices
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Test by Lot: Group forage from the same field and harvest day into “lots.” Test each lot separately.
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Sample Twice: Once post-harvest and again at feed-out. Fermentation and storage can affect nutrient levels.
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Follow Proper Sampling Methods: Use the right tools and techniques for hay, silage, or baleage to get reliable results.
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Retest if You Notice Changes: If animal performance drops or forage appearance changes, test again.
Visual Checks Still Count
Though not a substitute for lab testing, use visual assessment to:
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Spot mold, weeds, or foreign material
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Judge color, leafiness, and smell
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Evaluate overall condition
Understanding Quality Scores
Forage is often rated by USDA standards based on:
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Crude Protein (CP) – Indicates protein supply
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Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) – Relates to intake potential
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Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) – Affects digestibility
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Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) – Measures energy value
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Relative Feed Value (RFV) – Combines ADF/NDF for intake and digestibility
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Relative Feed Quality (RFQ) – A more accurate predictor, especially for grasses
Takeaway
Test, don’t guess. Forage testing is a low-cost, high-return practice that helps dairy producers feed smarter, sell confidently, and support optimal animal performance.
